The matrix of the open fields farmed with dryland cereals interspersed with fallow land where sheep and cows graze and interrupted here and there by wetlands, small patches of traditional olive groves, sparse holm oak montado and shrub areas contains a floral and faunal biodiversity with very particular ecological characteristics and of indisputable biological value.

The presence of several Iberian, Mediterranean and even regional fauna and flora endemisms, as well as a set of birds strictly dependent on the steppe (steppe birds), turn the Castro Verde cereal steppe into a privileged area regarding biological rarities and unique biological communities at a national and international scale.